Books
I had successfully studied the cases and situations involving Bosnia-Herzegovina and other republics of the former Yugoslavia for the subject of Public International Law for my final year study for the course of the Bachelor of Laws (Hons) in 1997-1998 and dedicate this book to my parents, siblings, friends, relatives and our brothers and sisters of Bosnia-Herzegovina, especially the innocent victims of armed conflict/war and genocide.
May we achieve and attain our dreams!
​
Three years before the July 1995 Srebrenica Genocide, Serbs torched Bosniak/Bosnian Muslim villages and killed at least 3,166 Bosniaks around Srebrenica. In 1993, the UN described the besieged situation in Srebrenica as a "slow-motion process of genocide." In July 1995, Serbs forcibly expelled 25,000 Bosniaks, brutally raped many women and girls, and systematically killed 8,000+ men and boys (DNA confirmed).
​
Sexualized Violence Is Used as a Weapon of War
For ethnic cleansing: There are testimonies from women who had soldiers tell them, while raping them, that they wanted to get them pregnant or force them to have children who would look ethnically different from their mother, or that they were raping them to punish them for being Muslim (or Croatian). There were also women who became pregnant and were forced to carry their babies to term.
Many scholars such as Becirevic, Boose, Johan Vetlesen etc. have provided sufficient arguments and concluded from the organized, and systematic nature of the mass rapes of the female Bosniak (Bosnian Muslim) population, that these rapes were a part of a larger campaign of genocide and that the VRS were carrying out a policy of genocidal rape against the Bosnian Muslim ethnic group.
​
​
Muslim women in Foca (southeastern Bosnia and Herzegovina) were subjected to a brutal regime of gang rape, torture and enslavement by Bosnian Serb soldiers, policemen and members of paramilitary groups after the takeover of the city in April 1992, according to a major indictment issued by the International Tribunal dealing specifically with sexual offences.
​
The indictment charges Dragan GAGOVIĆ, Gojko JANKOVIĆ, Janko JANJIĆ, Radomir KOVAĆ, Zoran VUKOVIĆ, Dragan ZELENOVIĆ, Dragoljub KUNARAC and Radovan STANKOVIĆ with crimes against humanity, grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions and Violations of the Laws or Customs of War. It was confirmed by Judge VOHRAH on 26 June 1996. Warrants for the accused's arrest were issued on 26 June and were sent to the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republika Srpska.
​
High-Level Corruption, Cynthia Gabriel's Reception of Death Threats, the Enforced Disappearance & Gruesome Murder of Altantuya Sharibuu by TWO (2) Police Bodyguards to the then Deputy Prime Minister & Defence Minister, the present Prime Minister of Malaysia, NAJIB RAZAK : The Scorpene and Arms Corruption Scandal & the Altantuya Sharibuu Tragedy.
​
​​
​
Scorpene scandal surfaces in French court; Suaram vindicated
​
The Scorpene submarines scandal involving suspected commissions paid to Malaysian defence officials in the French submarines sale in 2002 has finally surfaced in the French court with a first indictment issued against the former boss of an international subsidiary of Thales, suspected of having corrupted then defence minister and the present Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak.
​
Bernard Baiocco, the former president of Thales International Asia (Thint Asia) was indicted before magistrate Roger Le Loire on 15 December or “active bribery of foreign public officials” including Najib Razak, then minister of defense, and one of his advisers, Abdul Razak Baginda, according to the news agency AFP.
The former boss of Thint Asia, together with the Directorate of Naval Construction (DCN) who made the submarines, was also indicted for complicity in misuse of corporate assets.
Suaram’s complaint to the French in November 2009 had started a preliminary inquiry and a judicial investigation opened in Paris in 2012. Searches by the French police at Thales and DCNS offices had led to the seizure of numerous documents.
After six long years of investigations, this first indictment of the arms maker shows that Suaram’s suspicion of commissions paid to Malaysian officials in the Scorpene deal is well founded and we have been vindicated.
The sale of two Scorpene submarines and a sub Marino Agosta to Malaysia was the most expensive military procurement by Malaysia to date, costing nearly RM5bn for the hardware plus more than RM2bn for the training of operatives and maintenance of the submarines.
The French judges have been examining contracts which they suspect of being used to pay for bribes. One of these, referred to as “C5 commercial engineering” involved payment of 30m euros by DCNI, a subsidiary of DCN to Thales International Asia, in respect of “selling expenses for export”.
The French judicial investigations also show that another company, Terasasi, whose main shareholder Razak Baginda, then adviser to the defence minister, Najib Razak, was paid almost the same amount for consultations. Investigators suspect these so-called “consultations” to be a front for bribes.
In the investigations, another contract provided for the payment of 114m euros to the Malaysian company Perimekar, the main contractor of the Scorpene deal.
All this time, the Malaysian government has not told parliament or the public about the existence of Terasasi (Abdul Razak Baginda’s other company) and that it had a share of the spoils from the purchase of the submarines. The government has only tried to justify the payments to Perimekar.
The existence of Terasasi and payments it received only emerged when the French prosecutors’ documents came to light. It is time the Malaysian government reveals the role that Terasasi played in the Scorpene deal.
The Scorpene scandal has been fueled by the gruesome murder of Mongolian intermediary, Altantuya Shaariibuu, in 2006. According to the testimony of Razak Baginda’s private investigator, Altantuya, was allegedly the mistress of Abdul Razak Baginda and she had been harassing him for a portion of the commission that had been promised her.
​
Scorpene scandal surfaces in French court; Suaram vindicated
​
ALSO BY
HAKIMI
ABDUL
JABAR
"Torture" means any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person for such purposes as obtaining from him, or a third person, information or a confession, punishing him for an act he or a third person has committed or is suspected of having committed, or intimidating or coercing him or a third person, or for any reason based on discrimination of any kind, when such pain or suffering is inflicted by or at the instigation of or with the consent or acquiescence of a public official or other person acting in an official capacity. It does not include pain or suffering arising only from, inherent in, or incidental to, lawful sanctions.
​
Duško Tadić: first-ever trial for sexual violence against men
​
This trial of the former Bosnian Serb Democratic Party’s local board president from Kozarac, northwestern Bosnia and Herzegovina, made history in many ways. It was the first international war crimes trial since Nuremberg and Tokyo.
Just as importantly, it was the first international war crimes trial involving charges of sexual violence. The trial proved to the world that the nascent international criminal justice system could end impunity for sexual crimes and that punishing perpetrators was possible.
The Trial Chamber found how after taking over the area of Prijedor, in northwestern of BiH, Serb forces confined thousands of Muslims and Croats in camps. In a horrific incident in the Omarska Camp, one of the detainees was forced by uniformed men, including Duško Tadić, to bite off the testicles of another detainee.
​
http://www.icty.org/en/in-focus/crimes-sexual-violence/landmark-cases
